从合作原则看英语委婉语的使用

　　Another example, "Perhaps you had better get your affairsin order." This is a notion of death from the doctor. it'swordy but not unnecessary. one-way-ticket is for die. Itreflect one's experience and cognition.

　　6.ConclusionAs we stated earlier, euphemism is one of the importantand universal linguistic phenomena. Due to the specialcharacteristics like substitution, indirectness etc. it isbecoming one of the main communicative approaches This thesishas attempted to study the euphemistic expressions used in thequestion-answer patterns from the perspective of pragmatics.

　　The article is an overview of the functions and communicativefunctions of euphemism, and from the pragmatic analysis of thematerials, it can be seen clearly that the use of euphemismsbasically violate the Quality Maxim, the Quantity Maxim, andthe Manner Maxim of the Cooperative Principle and thefrequency of violating the Quality Maxim is the highest amongthe three ones. That is to say, the euphemisms used in thequestion-answer patterns generally do not violate the RelationMaxim of the Cooperative Principle.

　　There is an old saying in English: Necessity is the mother ofinvention. The creation of euphemisms also cannot depart frompeople’s needs of them. People need euphemisms for socialcommunication, to euphemize the taboo, to show theirpoliteness and to disguise. As a sociolinguistic phenomenon,the formation of euphemisms is the result of the combinationof various social psychological factors and pragmatic factors.

　　Studies on euphemisms from a pragmatic perspective revealhow euphemisms flout the Cooperative Principle so as to obeythe Politeness Principle in communication and how factors fromtheir sociocultural and communicational context influencetheir application in communication. Any change of one or morefactors of a communication event, will have an effect on ourdecision of whether to use euphemisms. The expressiveeuphemisms play a non-fungible role in communication. It iseuphemism that makes language more powerful, magical andpleasant. People’s speech does reflect their background, theiractivities, and the values they hold, therefore, we can learnmuch about the English people by looking at their use ofeuphemisms. The studies on English euphemisms can not onlyhelp to develop intercultural communicative competence, butalso enlighten English language learning and teaching.