浅析英语中的性别歧视现象

　　(1) Try to avoid using man/men or mankind to refer to peoplein the world and replace it with person, people, humanity,human, human being, the human race, and the human species. Thegeneric term man has been used in two ways: to refer to anadult male human being and as a synonym for "human being".

　　Obviously, when you use man and related words to refer to bothwomen and men, you are being sexist. For example:

　　① Man is the most intelligent of all species. (sexist)Humankind/human being is the most intelligent of all species.

　　(nonsexist)② All men should maintain the ecological balance. (sexist)All people should maintain the ecological balance. (nonsexist)Or: Everyone should maintain the ecological balance.

　　③ The project is one of the greatest man's achievements.

　　(sexist)The project is one of the greatest human achievements.

　　(nonsexist)(2) Try to avoid using compound words that consist of man torefer to both genders. If a compound word is for specific use,we can use a word+man to refer to man and a word+woman torefer to woman, for example, businesswoman, chairwoman,policewoman, saleswoman, spokeswoman, etc. If it is forgeneric use or the gender is unknown, we can create new wordsor compounds involving the word person or word people leadingto nouns, or shorten the word by cutting of the -man suffix,or replacing it with existing gender-neutral synonyms. Forexample,Avoid Preferbusinessman businessperson, businesspeoplechairman chairperson, chair, president, headforeman supervisor, superintendentmanmade artificial, syntheticcongressman representative, legislatorcouncilman council memberpoliceman police officer, law enforcement officer(3) Try to avoid using gender-suffixes which reflect women'slower rank and avoid using prepositional attributes likewoman, lady, madam when there is no necessity to show theirsex and use one form to designate a person in all threecontexts, i.e., in reference to a male, to a female or to aperson whose sex is not specific. For example: